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Experts: Canada’s superbug watchlist

Hand over a petri dish.
Image by Getty Images.
Published: 19 September 2025

The Public Health Agency of Canada has released an – sometimes referred to as superbugs – that pose the greatest threat to Canadians. It’s the first update since 2015.

The 29 organisms flagged highlight the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. They include drug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, gonorrhea and the deadly fungus Candida auris.

9IÖÆ×÷³§Ãâ·Ñ experts are available to comment on this topic:

Jennifer Ronholm is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and Canada Research Chair in Agricultural Microbiology. She can comment on why common infections are becoming increasingly hard to treat and how antimicrobial resistance threatens not only human health but also animal health and global food security. Several pathogens on the list are food-borne organisms linked to agriculture and livestock.

jennifer.ronholm [at] mcgill.ca (English)

Dominic Frigon is an Associate Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering. He can comment on new ways to track pathogens and antimicrobial resistance, including wastewater and environmental surveillance. Frigon led projects using wastewater to monitor COVID-19 at the height of the pandemic.

dominic.frigon [at] mcgill.ca (English, French)

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