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March 7, 2025 | Jennifer Welsh with Marie-Jo毛lle Zahar, authored 鈥淲hat Future for Peace Operations?鈥� published by Cambridge University Press. The article examines the growing challenges facing UN peace operations, which have long been seen as a model of effective multilateralism. Welsh and Zahar highlight how changing conflict dynamics, rising expectations, and disinformation campaigns are straining the UN鈥檚 ability to deliver peace. They discuss the debate between 鈥減ragmatic鈥� and 鈥渁daptive鈥� approaches to peacekeeping, focusing on persistent issues such as the gap between ambitious mandates and limited resources, difficulties in protecting civilians, and challenges to impartiality.